CNC Precision metal part-CNC Turning 02

01-Introduction of the CNC turning

Ø CNC turning is a process that utilizes computer numerical control (CNC) technology for turning machining.

Ø Turning is a CNC machining process in which the cutting tool completes the spiral tool path by linearly moving while the part rotates.

Ø Turning can be performed on the outer or inner surface of the part, which include external turning and internal hole turning

02-Basic principles of the CNC turning

Ø The basic principle of CNC turning is that the part rotates on the spindle of the machine tool, while the cutting tool moves in a straight or curved line along a preset trajectory to complete the machining of the workpiece

Ø This processing method requires the preparation of a machining program in advance, and the control of tool motion and cutting parameters through a CNC system to achieve high-precision and high-efficiency machining

03-The Application area of the CNC turning

Ø CNC turning is widely used in various fields, including automobiles, engineering machinery, general equipment, mold manufacturing, aerospace, and military industry

04-The Operation process of the CNC turning

Ø Programming: Based on the machining requirements of the parts, write machining programs to determine the tool's motion trajectory, cutting parameters, etc.

Ø Input program: Input the written program into the CNC system.

Ø Clamping the part: Install the part on the spindle of the machine tool and perform necessary positioning and clamping.

Ø Start machining: Start the CNC system, and the machine tool will perform machining according to the predetermined program.

Ø Inspection and measurement: After the machining is completed, the workpiece is inspected and measured to ensure that the machining quality meets the requirements

05-Basic concepts of CNC machining

Ø CNC machining, also known as Computerized Numerical Control, It is a technology that uses computer programs to control machine tools for machining.

Ø By using prewritten numerical control programs (such as G code and M code) to control parameters such as tool path, cutting speed, and feed rate of the machine tool, To achieve precision machining of materials such as metal, plastic, and wood. 

Ø Machine tools include various types such as CNC milling machines, CNC lathes,CNC grinders, etc., which can complete various machining tasks such as cutting, drilling, milling, and grinding.

06-The workflow of CNC machining

Ø Design and Programming-Firstly, engineers use computer-aided design (CAD) software to create a three-dimensional model of the part. Then, the design model will be converted into numerical control code (such as G-code) using computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) software, which contains detailed information such as machining paths and cutting parameters.

Ø Data transmission-The pre written CNC program is transmitted to the control system of the CNC machine tool through data transmission interfaces such as USB, Ethernet, etc. The control system reads and interprets these codes, generates control signals, and drives various moving parts of the machine tool.

Ø Processing execution-CNC machine tools automatically plan and execute tool paths based on CNC program instructions. The moving parts of the machine tool (such as the spindle, worktable, etc.) move according to a predetermined trajectory under the control of the CNC system, completing operations such as cutting, drilling, milling, etc. on the workpiece

Ø Detection and adjustment-During the machining process, the CNC system will monitor the position, cutting force, and other parameters of the tool and part in real time, and make adjustments as necessary to ensure machining accuracy and quality. Some advanced CNC machine tools are also equipped with online measurement and feedback systems, which can perform real-time detection and calibration during the machining process.

07-The main advantages of CNC machining

Ø High precision and consistency-CNC machining can achieve micrometer level machining accuracy, ensuring consistency for each workpiece. This is particularly important for products that require high precision and consistency, such as aerospace components and medical devices

Ø High efficiency and automation-CNC machining can operate continuously and automatically, greatly improving production efficiency. Especially in mass production, CNC machine tools can complete machining tasks without human supervision, reducing manual intervention.

Ø Able to complete complex shape processing-CNC machining can easily complete the machining tasks of complex surfaces and irregular structures, while traditional manual machining is difficult to achieve such complex processes. CNC machine tools can perform multi axis linkage machining, realizing the machining of any complex shape in three-dimensional space.

Ø Flexible production-CNC machining has high flexibility and can quickly adjust machining parameters and programs to meet the production needs of different batches and varieties. This makes CNC machining particularly suitable for the multi variety, small batch production mode in modern manufacturing.

08-The Development Trend of CNC Machining

Ø With the continuous advancement of technology, CNC machining is developing towards intelligence, networking, and flexibility. In the future, CNC machining will increasingly adopt artificial intelligence and LOT technology to achieve adaptive machining, autonomous decision-making, and remote monitoring, further improving machining efficiency and quality.

Ø Intelligence-By introducing artificial intelligence technology, CNC machining can achieve automatic programming, real-time monitoring, and fault diagnosis, further enhancing the intelligence level of machining.

Ø Networking-Through the industrial Internet, CNC machine tools can realize remote monitoring and collaborative work, and improve production efficiency and management level.

Ø Flexibility-In the future, CNC machining will pay more attention to flexible production to meet the market's demand for multi variety and small batch production.